Now You Know Fabric Defects and Their Causes

Fabric Defects and Their Causes

Bhavdip Paldiya
Dept. of Textile Technology
Sarvajanik College of Engineering & Technology, Surat, India
Cell: +91 9662020909
Email: bhavdipk9009@gmail.com

Introduction:

Fabric defects can have various reasons caused by raw material, the spinning process, weaving, knitting and dying. Fabric defects are responsible for major defects found by the garment industry. Due to the increasing demand for quality fabrics, high quality requirements are today greater since customer has become more aware of “Non-quality” problems. In this article i have discussed different types of faults and their causes and remedies.

Fabric Defects and Their Causes

Sr. no.	Defect Name	Appearance	Cause	Responsibility of weaver
1	Crack	Too few picks per inch in a certain area.	A. Bad start up procedure by weaver B. let of or take up worn or broken C. improper tension on warp D. weft feeler problem	A. more care required while pick finding, B. stop loom, call supervisor or mechanic
2	Float	Distortion of in weft direction generally accompanies with warp break	A. fluff or knot behind the reed . B. spare end weaving in C. knot with long tails. D. warp stop motion not working not working	Remove the cause
3	Wrong Drawing	Irregular pattern warp way in the cloth.	Weaver incorrectly drawing in the healds.	Correct the draw
4	Leno Problem	Leno end not holding correctly	A. wrong drawing in leno device B. build up of dirt or fly. C. wrong tension on ends D. faulty leno device.	A. correct the draw B. clean off C. adjust tension D. call mechanic
5	Missing End	Warp line, thin gap in warp direction	A. fluff in drop wires. B. warp stop motion not working. C. missing drop wire . D. electrical fault. E. incorrect setting of warp stop motion.	A. blow the air regularly. B. inform mechanic supervisor. C. replace it. d. inform super visor. E. inform supervisor.
6	Design Mistake	Incorrect design	A. wrong design put in microprocessor	Stop loom and inform supervisor
7	Wrong Weft	In correct weft	In correct count or colour of weft	Ensure correct use of weft and always check weft as per loom card.
8	Slough Off	loose coils of weft in the fabric.	Bad cones, or incorrect tension.	Replace the cone or inform supervisor.
9	Pull Terry	Pile end are pulled/cut across the fabric width	In foreign bodies come in contact with needle ,needle could be damaged or take up motion problem .	Inform supervisor /mechanic
10	Reverse Terry	Pile formation in plain portion of cloth	Pile/ground beam tension problem	Inform supervisor/mechanic.
11	Starting Mark	Think or thin places at the start up the loom .	Incorrect loom setting	Call mechanic/ inform supervisor
12	Defective Selvedge	No fringes from cutters cloth may be cut.	Wrong position selvage 0cutters	Replace the end until end is clean.
13	Defective Border	Warp line	Reed dent s bent or damaged	Flag fixer
14	Oil Stain	Warp line corresponding to the temple	Damaged or broken temple rings.	Flag fixer
15	Shade Variation	Selvage ends weaving incorrectly	Weaver incorrectly drawing in selvage ands	Stop loom and correct
16	Dobby Held Problem	Heavy line warp way	Two ends in the same heddle	Remove extra end
17	Reed Mark	Visible line warp way in the cloth	A. weaver error B. portion of yarn with incorrect twist. C. fault in warping or drawing in.	A. weaver fault B. remove and mark the end. C. Flag fixer
18	Uneven Pile Height	Visible line filling way in the cloth	A. broken filling not completely removed B. pick finding incorrect C. faulty filling detector.	A. weaver fault B. weaver fault C. Flag fixer
19	Emery Mark	Thick line across cloth	A. Incorrect pike finding B. reserve cone caught and running	A. weaver fault B. weaver fault; correct
20	Damage Mark	Filling bar	A. wrong cone creeled B. mixed yarn in spinning or winding	A. weaver fault B. stop loom, flag supervisor