Yaa Dyeing Of Wool Amongst Onion Peel

Dyeing of Wool amongst Onion Skin

Ashish Singh 

(Textile Chemistry)
Email: ashishsingh1496@gmail.com
The Technological Institute of Textile as well as Sciences,
Birla Colony Bhiwani, Haryana-127021, India

ABSTRACT
Due to the resultant of stringent environmental standards imposed past times many countries inwards reply to toxic as well as allergic reactions associated amongst synthetic dyes, alternatively colorants as well as beingness tried out.

The consciousness of possible gamble during manufacturing of synthetic dyes which exercise of oil based raw materials as well as the hazardous chemic reaction is too increasing for their synthesis; the exercise of natural dyes conduct hold been growing rapidly. Thus, natural dyes, which were non inwards marketplace position some decades ago, are late gaining importance due to increased consumer interests.

India has a rich biodiversity as well as a wealth of useful resources as well as in that location is no uncertainty that the works life kingdom tin plough over notice live utilized every bit a treasure-house of various natural colorants.

Several attempts are beingness made past times the scientists throughout the public to isolate natural dyes from dissimilar vegetables as well as flowers. Here, inwards this newspaper nosotros conduct hold essay to isolate natural dyes from upper ( papery) pare of onions as well as apply them on wool yarn amongst the assist of mordants similar alum, copper sulphate as well as ferrous sulphate. The dyed cloth was subjected for color measurements as well as their fastness properties were checked. The results dot a real strong potential exercise of such natural resources for colouration of wool yarn.

Keywords:
Extraction, Onion upper skins, Dyeing, Wool, Mordant.

1. Introduction
Nowadays in that location is a global involvement inwards the exercise of eco-friendly as well as biodegradable materials. H5N1 considerable interrogation travel has been undertaken to a greater extent than or less the public on application of natural dyes on textile materials. Natural dyes conduct hold been used since ancient tineslication of natural dyes on textile materials. natural mes. Use of natural dyes inwards colouration of textile materials as well as other purposes is but i of the consequences of increased environmental awareness. Natural dyes demonstrate meliorate biodegradability as well as mostly conduct hold meliorate compatibility amongst the surroundings as well as own lower toxicity as well as allergic reactions than synthetic dyes.

Natural dyes conduct hold a broad attain of shades as well as tin plough over notice live obtained from various parts of plants including roots,leaves,flowers as well as fruits. The natural dyes introduce inwards works life as well as beast are paint molecules, which impart color to the materials. These molecules containing aromatic vociferation construction couples amongst a side chain are commonly requires for resonance as well as hence impart colour. There is a correlation of chemic construction amongst colour, chromogen-chromophore amongst auxochrome.

Dyed wool amongst onion skin

Natural dyes are mostly non-substantive as well as must live applied on the textile stuff amongst the assist of mordants, commonly a metallic element salt, having affinity for both colouring thing as well as substrate. Some of the of import mordants are alum, potassium dichromate, ferrous sulphate, copper sulphate, zinc sulphate, tannin as well as tannin acid. The mordant helps inwards absorption as well as fixation of natural dyes as well as too prevents haemorrhage as well as fading of colours i.e., improves the fastness properties of the dyes fabrics. This complex may live formed past times source applying the mordant on the textile substrate as well as and so dyeing (pre-mordanting process) or past times simultaneous application of the dye as well as the mordant (meta-mordanting process) or past times later handling of the dyed stuff amongst the mordant (post-mordanting).

Nowadays the manufacturing of synthetic dyes involves many carcinogenic chemicals as well as the effluents, which are discharged inwards the river or emitted into the atmosphere. This results inwards ecological imbalance, polluting problems as well as disturbed surroundings due to the ample usage of hazardous chemicals as well as especially synthetic dyes. Present travel was aimed to isolate natural dyes from upper (papery) pare of onions as well as apply them on wool yarn amongst the assist of mordants. H5N1 written report was conducted to assess colourfastness of dyed samples.

2. Materials as well as Methods

2.1 Material
Dried outer (papery) onion skins were used inwards powdered form. Substrate was 100% wool. Alum as well as cream of tartar (assistant) was used every bit mordant as well as was of laboratory degree purchased from local market.

2.2. Methods

2.2.1 Preparation of wool
Pre-mordanting essential for meliorate absorption of dye as well as getting practiced fastness properties.

Step 1: Dissolved the alum + cream of tartar (as an assistant) at dissimilar concentration separately inwards niggling boiling water.

Step 2: Well wetted 100 gm wool yarn was treated amongst the mordant solution at 80°Cfor 1 hr (M: L ratio = 1:30)

Step 3:After completion of time, stuff was allowed to cool inwards the lav as well as and so taken out.

2.2.2 Extraction of colouring thing
A Stock solution of the dye (50%) was prepared past times boiling l gm of dry out outer(papery) onion pare inwards 100 ml H2O for 1 h. The extract was filtered, made to master copy book for dyeing.

Dyeing was carried out nether acidic condition.

2.2.3 Dyeing procedure
Weight of wool yarn = 100 gm

M.L.R = 1:30

The mordanted wool was dyed amongst extracted colouring thing at 80°C for 1h, allowed to cool nether the dye lav itself. After cooling,the stuff was taken out, squeezed, washed amongst H2O as well as dried at room temperature.

3. Testing as well as Analysis

3.1 Evaluation of colourfastness properties
Various fastness tests for dye extracted from outer pare of onion were carried out. These tests assess how permanent the dye is on the yarn.

3.1.1. Evaluation of launder fastness:
Colourfastness to washing of the dyed wool samples was determined using BIS No IS – 3361-1979 launder fastness method. The launder fastness rating was assessed using greyness scale past times evaluating the loss of shade.

3.1.2. Evaluation of low-cal fastness
Light fastness was determined past times keeping samples inwards daylight, method is based on BIS No IS – 2454-1985. The samples were exposed to daylight for iv hr, the fading of each sample were determined past times using bluish wool scale.

4. Results as well as Discussion
The wool yarns were dyed amongst chemic as well as natural colouring matter. It was observed that the dye uptake was practiced inwards pre-mordanting method. Fastness properties of dye extracted from onion pare are tabulated inwards tabular array 4.1

The dye extract was constitute suitable for wool yarns. Various shades were obtained from the pre-mordanted wool yarn amongst alum at dissimilar concentration.

The evaluation of color fastness to washing as well as low-cal using alum every bit mordant is presented inwards tabular array 4.1. At 3% concentration of alum, washing fastness as well as low-cal fastness was good. At 6%, concentration of alum washing fastness as well as low-cal fastness is same every bit that of 3% concentration of alum. At nine %, concentration of alum washing fastness was fair whereas low-cal fastness was good.

5. Conclusion
H5N1 global awareness is already inwards house favouring the exercise of natural resources for protecting the surroundings as well as public from pollution as well as ecological imbalances. Hence, the introduce scenario is directed towards the utilization of natural dyes. In introduce interrogation work, it was constitute that wool could live dyed amongst dry out outer (papery) onion skin. Various shades tin plough over notice live obtained using chemic as well as mordant. The parameters similar concentration of dye, temperature as well as timing are too optimized for meliorate results. With regard to colorfastness, the tested samples demonstrate practiced fastness to washing as well as light.

Table 4.1 Colourfastness properties of wool yarn dyed amongst extract of dry out outer onion pare using dissimilar concentration of alum.

Concentration Of mordant	Washing fastness		Light fastness
	Rating	Remark	Rating	Remarks
100% CW	2	Poor	2	Poor
3%	4	Good	4	Good
6%	4	Good	4	Good
9%	3	Fair	4	Good

 

References

1. http://cdn .intechopen.com/pdfs/23051/In Tech- dyeing_of_textiles_with_natural_dyes.pdf
2. Prabhu K. H. And Bhute A.S. H5N1 Review Journal of Natural Products as well as Plant Resources, 2 (6), 649-664, (2012).
3. /search?q=different-types-of-dyes-with-chemical
4. VArun,PPRobinson,SManju,PLeeju,JVarsha,VDignaandKKMYusuff:Dyesandpigments; 82(3), pp268-275, (2009).
5. www.shearcomfort.com, Canes is Network Ltd, wool-The Natural Fibre.

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