Yaa Yarn Numbering Organization As Well As Conversions
Friday 14 December 2018
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Yarn Count Numbering System in addition to Conversions
Raju Krushna Kupelur
DKTE Textile in addition to Engineering Institute, Ichalkaranji, Republic of Republic of India
Email: rkupelur1997@gmail.com
Raju Krushna Kupelur
DKTE Textile in addition to Engineering Institute, Ichalkaranji, Republic of Republic of India
Email: rkupelur1997@gmail.com
What is yarn count?
Since yarn is the compressible textile stuff it is non possible to mensurate its fineness yesteryear whatever of the testing musical instrument so it is unremarkably expressed inwards price of the linear density or count. In curt the count of yarn is a numerical human face which defines its fineness or size of the yarn. It too expresses weather condition the yarn is thick or thin. According to the textile industrial plant life yarn count is a release of indicating the length per unit of measurement weight of the yarn or weight per unit of measurement length. Importance of yarn count:
The primary utilisation of manufacturing of the yarn is to convert it inwards to the cloth form. Usually 90% of the yarn is converted into the cloth shape for making its utilisation in addition to the remaining is used equally it is inwards the yarn form. If the yarn is used equally it is in addition to so at that topographic point is no so much require of mensuration its dimensions, but if it is to live converted inwards to the cloth shape in addition to so inwards lodge to manufacture the required fabric, the yarn parameters plays vital role. The fabric parameters are decided from the utilisation of that cloth for which it is to live used, in addition to those cloth parameters are inculcated from the yarn parameters. The cloth structure is varied amongst honor to its halt use. The primary of import cloth factors deciding its structure are, yarn spacing in addition to yarn thickness. Out of this the yarn spacing tin dismiss live measured yesteryear counting the release of yarns per inch amongst utilisation of magnifying glass. The yarn thickness i.e. yarn diameter (assuming that the yarn is nearly circular inwards cross section) is non an slow procedure fifty-fifty yesteryear whatever of the agency due to the next problems.
Yarn count testing method
- Wrap reel method
- Skein estimate method
- Drying oven method
- Analytic relaxation method
What is yarn numbering?
Yarn numbers is measures of the coarseness or fineness of a yarn indicating the length per unit of measurement mass or mass per unit of measurement length in addition to the method of calculation of count release is called equally yarn numbering system. Importance of yarn numbering system
The fineness of yarn cannot live expressed easily inwards price of diameter equally inwards the instance of wires in addition to cords nosotros mensurate its diameter yesteryear using musical instrument such equally micrometer or calipers. But inwards instance of yarn nosotros cannot mensurate its diameter yesteryear using micrometer in addition to caliper because most of the yarns are relatively soft in addition to compressible, too the cross department of the spun yarn is non fully circular in addition to it contains variations inwards thickness because presence of thick in addition to sparse places inwards the yarn in addition to the continuous filament yarns too endure from this drawback. Therefore yarn numbering systems similar exceptional methods are used to mensurate the fineness in addition to coarseness of yarn. Types of yarn numbering system
- Direct yarn numbering scheme
- Indirect yarn numbering system
1. DIRECT YARN NUMBERING SYSTEM [MASS/UNIT LENGTH]:
Direct yarn numbering scheme too known equally mass per unit of measurement length of yarn, thus inwards this scheme higher the yarn release or count indicates the coarser or thicker the yarn size in addition to smaller the yarn release or count indicates the finer or lighter the yarn size. This scheme is to a greater extent than oft than non used for Tex in addition to Denier. In remove yarn numbering scheme the count straight limited the size of the yarn in addition to a coarser yarn volition convey a higher release piece a finer yarn volition convey a lower number. The resultant count of the folded yarn tin dismiss live slow to calculate fifty-fifty cistron threads are of dissimilar counts. Cloth setting are comparative hard inwards this system. And nosotros cannot easily calculate the weight of the cloth in addition to Calculation of the amount of twist inwards the yarn.The next formula is used to calculate the remove yarn count:
due west x l
N = --------
L
Where,
N = Yarn count or release scheme
W = Weight of the sample at the official find inwards the units of the scheme
L = Length of the sample
L = Units of length of sample
 |
| Fig: Different yarn release system |
1. Tex (Universal yarn numbering system):
Tex scheme of yarn numbering scheme is called equally universal yarn numbering system. This scheme comes nether remove yarn numbering scheme in addition to it is introduced yesteryear International criterion scheme (ISO) in addition to textile scientists of diverse organization, manufactures in addition to technologists. This scheme is applicable to yarn made from both natural fibers equally good equally synthetic fibers. Hence this scheme is useful for replacing the several dissimilar systems which are beingness used inwards the diverse sectors of the textile manufacture all over the world. Tex scheme tin dismiss live used from fiber to yarn process. For fineness of cord, wire, ropes in addition to sliver etc. are expressed inwards price of kilotex that is the weight of the stuff inwards kg inwards i km length but for the fineness of fiber it tin dismiss live expressed inwards price of millitex that is weight of fiber inwards mg (milligrams) inwards i km (kilometer) length. The advantages in addition to drawbacks of remove scheme of yarn numbering are too applicable to universal system. In shortly,
Tex is defined equally the weight of yarn inwards grams per one one thousand meter of yarns or 1 km length.
i.e., wt. inwards grams per one one thousand meters of yarn.
one one thousand x Weight inwards gram’s
Tex = -------------------------------
Length inwards meter’s
Example: xxx Tex indicates that one one thousand meters of yarn weight xxx grams.
Questions:
A) Calculate the tex-count of nylon yarn, if the length of yarn is 20000 yards & its weight is 400 gram’s.
Answer:
1 yard = 0.9144 meter
one one thousand x Weight inwards gram’s
Tex = -------------------------------
Length inwards meter’s
one one thousand x 400
Tex = --------------------------
20000 x 0.9144
Tex = 21.87
2. Denier:
In the remove denier system, the yarn count release indicates the weight inwards grams of 9000 meters of yarn.
9000 x Weight inwards grams
Denier = ------------------------------------
Length inwards meter
Example: xxx Denier indicates that 9000 meters of yarn weight xxx grams.
Questions:
A) The yarn of polyester filament weighing 50 grams inwards 6000 meter length calculate the Denier of the yarn.
Answer:
9000 x Weight inwards grams
Denier = --------------------------------------
Length inwards meter
9000 x 50
Denier = ----------------------
6000
Denier = 75
3. Spyndle Count:
This scheme is to a greater extent than oft than non used for jute, hemp or dry out spun-linen yarn. Spyndle count is defined equally weight inwards pounds per i spindle of 14400 yards.
Weight inwards pound x 14400
Spyndle = ---------------------------------
Length inwards yards
4. Grex Count:
It is defined equally weight inwards grams of 10000 meters of yarn.
Weight inwards gram’s x 10000
Grex count = ----------------------------------------
Length inwards meter’s
INDIRECT YARN NUMBERING SYSTEM [LENGTH/UNIT MASS]:
Indirect yarn numbering scheme too known equally length per unit of measurement mass of yarn, Hence inwards this scheme higher the yarn release or count indicates the finer or lighter the yarn size in addition to smaller the yarn release or count indicates the coarser or thicker the yarn size. This scheme is to a greater extent than oft than non used for English linguistic communication cotton fiber count, Worsted count, Linen count, Woolen count, French cotton fiber count in addition to metric count. As compared to remove yarn numbering scheme this scheme is real slow to calculate weight of the fabric, when the count of warp in addition to weft are expressed inwards this system. The amount of twist inwards the yarn in addition to cloth setting (threads per inch) are straight proportionally to the foursquare rootage of yarn count in addition to real hard to calculate. The count does non limited the size of the yarn directly. And a coarser or bulky yarn volition convey a pocket-size count release than a finer or less bulky yarn. And it is real hard to calculate the resultant count of the folded yarn inwards this system, when the cistron threads are dissimilar counts.
The next formula is used to calculate the indirect yarn count:
N = (L × w)/ due west ×l
Where,
N = Yarn count or release scheme
W = Weight of the sample at the official find inwards the units of the scheme
L = Length of the sample
L = Units of length of sample
W = Units of weight of sample
Numbering system | Units of length(l) | Units of weight(W) |
English cotton fiber count (Ne) | 840 yards | 1 pound (lb.) |
Metric count (Nm) | 1000 meters / 1km | 1 kg |
Woolen count (YSM) | 256 yards | 1 pound (lb.) |
Worsted count (Nek) | 560 yards | 1 pound (lb.) |
Linen count (NeL) | 300 yards | 1 pound (lb.) |
French cotton fiber count | 1000 meters | 500 grams |
This too known equally British count or English linguistic communication count. This defined equally the release of hanks each of 840 yards weighing inwards i pound of the yarn.
Length inwards yards
English cotton fiber count (Ne) = ---------------------------------
840 x Weight inwards lbs
Example:
A. 30/1 cotton fiber (1 agency unmarried yarn) indices that xxx x 840 yards of yarn weight 1 pound.
B. 40/2 cotton fiber (2 agency ply yarn) indicates that 20(Resultant count) x 840 yards of yarn weight 1 pound.
Questions:
A). Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 yarn having length of 90,000 yards in addition to its weight inwards two pounds calculate its English linguistic communication count.
Answer:
Length inwards yards
English cotton fiber count (Ne) = -----------------------------------
840 x Weight inwards lbs
90,000
Ne = -------------------
840 x two
English cotton fiber count (Ne) = 53.57
2. Worsted count (Nm):
It is defined equally the no. of hanks each of 560 yards weighing inwards i pound of the yarn.
Length inwards yards
Worsted count (Nm) = ---------------------------------
560 x Weight inwards lbs
Example:
A. 1/20 worsted cotton fiber indicates that twenty × 560 yards of yarn 1 pound.
B. 3/40 worsted cotton fiber indicates that 13.33(Resultant count) × 560 yards of yarn.
Questions:
A) If eighty yards worsted yarn weighing 50 grains what is count of yarns.
Answer:
Length inwards yards
Worsted count (Nm) = ---------------------------------
560 x Weight inwards lbs
80
Nm = ------------------------
560 x (50/7000)
Nm = 20.0s
3. Linen count (Wet – spun):
Linen count is the release denoting numbers of hank’s each of 300 yards weighing inwards pound.
Length inwards yards
Linen count = -----------------------------
300 x Weight inwards lbs
Questions:
A) If 240 yards of linen yarn weight 1 oz., what is the count of the yarn.
Answer:
1 lbs. = xvi oz.
Length inwards yards
Linen count = -------------------------------
300 x Weight inwards lbs
240
Linen count = ----------------------
300 x (1/16)
Linen count = 12.8
4. Woolen Count (Yorkshire count):
Woolen count (Yorkshire count) is the release denoting release of hanks each of 256 yards weighing inwards i pound (lbs.).
No. of hanks of 256 yards
Woolen count = ---------------------------------------
Weight inwards pound (lbs)
Length inwards yards
Woolen count = ----------------------------------
256 x Weight inwards lbs
Questions:
A) The weight of 786 yards of woolen yarn is ¼ lb., what is the count of yarn.
Length inwards yards
Woolen count = ----------------------------------
256 x Weight inwards lbs
768
Woolen count = ------------------
256 x (1/4)
Woolen count = 12s
5. French Cotton Count:
It is defined equally release of hanks each of one one thousand meters weighing inwards ½ kg.
Length inwards meter x 2
French count (NF) = --------------------------------------
one one thousand x Weight inwards kg
6. Metric count (Nm):
It is defined equally release of hank’s each of one one thousand m weighing inwards 1 kg.
Length inwards meters
Metric count (Nm) = -----------------------------------
one one thousand x Weight inwards kg
Example:
A. xxx Nm indicates that xxx Kilometers or 30,000 meters of yarn weight 1 kilogram.
Questions:
A) Calculate Metric cotton fiber count of 60000 yards weighing 1.2 pound (lbs.)
Answer:
1 yard = 0.9144 meter
1 kg = 2.202 pounds
Length inwards meters
Metric count (Nm) = -----------------------------------
one one thousand x Weight inwards kg
60000 x 0.9144
Metric count (Nm) = -----------------------------------
one one thousand x (1.2/2.202)
54864
Metric count (Nm) = -----------------------------------
one one thousand x 0.5449
Metric count (Nm) = 100.68
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