Yaa Dyeing Glossary | Essential Damage In Addition To Definition Of Dyeing (Part-1)
Wednesday 19 December 2018
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Dyeing Glossary | Essential Terms together with definition of Dyeing
Rana Sohel
Production Officer (Dyeing)
Sunman Textile Mills Ltd. Chittagong
Cell: +8801912-420118
Email: rsohel07tex@gmail.com
Production Officer (Dyeing)
Sunman Textile Mills Ltd. Chittagong
Cell: +8801912-420118
Email: rsohel07tex@gmail.com
Dyeing Glossary
Dyeing glossary contains price specific to dyeing. It is non intended to render plenty data yesteryear itself to serve every bit a guide for dyeing. Terms receive got been included hither because they may look inwards dyeing literature, together with may live difficult to uncovering inwards ordinary dictionaries. This dyeing terms volition assist the students inwards viva board both educational together with labor life.
Absorbency: The might of i stuff to receive got upwards some other material.
Absorption: The procedure of gases or liquids beingness taken upwards into the pores of a fiber, yarn, or fabric.
Acetic acid: An organic acid (CH3COOH) widely used inwards textile applications. It is used inwards textile wet processing, dyeing together with printing, together with inwards the manufacture of cellulose acetate together with cellulose triacetate.
Acetic, anhydride: Anhydrous acetic acid [(CH3CO)2O]. It is used inwards the acetylation procedure inwards the manufacture of cellulose acetate.
Acetone: Diemthyl ketone (CH3COOH). One of the nigh powerful organic solvents. Acetone dissolves secondary cellulose acetate together with other derivatives of cellulose. It is miscible amongst H2O together with has a depression boiling point(55-56oC)
Acid: Having a depression pH.
Acid dyes: An anionic dye having substantivity for fibers (e.g. Protein, polyamide) which contain cationic groups ordinarily inwards acidic or neutral aqueous dyebaths. Acid dyes are frequently applied to textile inwards organic or inorganic acid dyeing solution.
Acid-dyeable variants: Polymers modified chemically to brand them receptive to acid dyes.
Acidic: A term describing a stuff having a pH of less than 7.0 inwards water.
Activated oxygen bleach: A bleaching organization comprising an oxygen bleach together with a bleach activator.
Add-on: The total of materials applied to a textile is known add-on; it is calculated every bit the weight of solids left on a given weight of textile later impregnation together with drying. The percent add-on is computed yesteryear the formula {(w2-w1) ×100}/ w1; where w1 is the initial weight of stuff earlier impregnation (wet-out), together with w2 is the weight of stuff later impregnation together with drying.
Additive: A supplementary stuff combined amongst a base of operations stuff to render particular properties.
Adjective Dye: Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 dye that requires a mordant to live fast. Most natural dyes are adjective.
Adsorption: The attraction of gases, liquids or solids to surface areas of textile fibers, yarns, fabrics or whatever materials.
Aerobic: A biological procedure active exclusively inwards the presence of oxygen.
Affinity: Chemical attraction; the style of ii elements or substances to unite or Combine together, such every bit fiber together with dyestuff. Affinity is ordinarily expressed inwards units of joules (or calories) per mole.
Aftertreatment: Any handling done later textile production. In dyeing, it refers to treating dyed stuff inwards ways to amend properties; inwards nonwovens, it refers to finishing processes carried out later a spider web has been formed together with bonded. Examples are embossing, creping, softening, printing together with dyeing.
Ageing: Ageing consists of exposing printing goods to to a greater extent than or less prolonged activity of steam at atmospheric push clit per unit of measurement area to assist inwards the diffusion & fixation of the dyes
Alkaline: Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 term used to pull a stuff having a pH greater than 7.0 inwards water.
Anaerobic: Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 biological procedure active exclusively inwards the absence of gratis oxygen.
Aniline dyes: Dyes derived chemically from aniline or other coal tar derivatives.
Anionic dye: A dye dissociates inwards aqueous dyebath together with render negatively charged colored ion.
Anthraquinone dyes: Dyes that receive got Anthraquinone every bit their base of operations together with the carbonyl grouping (>C=O) every bit the chromophore. Anthraquinone-based dyes are flora inwards nigh of the synthetic dye classes.
Antichlor: Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 chemical, such every bit sodium thiosulfate , used to take excess chlorine later bleaching.
Auxiliaries: Chemicals used to facilitate together with modify the dyeing process. Most dyes require auxiliaries, though some (likeCountry Classics) come upwards pre-measured amongst powdered auxiliaries.
Azo dyes: Dyes characterized yesteryear the presence of an azo grouping (-N=N-) every bit the chromophore. Azo dyes are flora inwards many of the synthetic dye classes.
Azoic dyes: The dyes, produced yesteryear interaction of a diazotized amine (azoic diazo component) together with a coupling constituent (azoic coupling component).
Bacterial Amylase Unit (BAU): Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 stair out of starch degradation every bit shown yesteryear the quantity of an enzyme that volition dextrinize i milligram of starch per infinitesimal nether the specified experimental conditions.
Basic dyes: A shape of positive-ion-carrying dyes known for their brilliant hues. Basic dyes are composed of large-molecule, water-soluble salts that receive got a direct affinity for wool together with silk together with tin live applied to cotton wool amongst a mordant.
Batch: A grouping of units of products of the same type, structure, color together with finish, shape together with composition, manufactured nether essentially the same weather together with essentially at the same time, together with submitted at whatever i fourth dimension for inspection together with testing. Similar give-and-take ‘Lot’.
Bath ratio: Ratio of bathroom to fiber every bit 20:1, 10:1 or 1:20, 1:10
Binder: The binder is a cinema forming nub made upwards of long chain macromolecules which when applied to textile together amongst the pigment; create a 3 dimensionally linked network.
Bleaching: A procedure of whitening fibers, yarns, or fabrics yesteryear removing the natural together with artificial impurities to obtain clear whites for finished fabric, or inwards grooming for dyeing together with finishing. The materials may live treated amongst chemicals or exposed to sun, air, together with moisture.
Bleeding: Color rinsing out of a finished garment, yarn, or fiber. Bleeding tin live excess dye that was non fully rinsed out or dye that was non properly assault the fiber. Indigo is an exception, see crocking.
Buffering Agent (Buffer): Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 chemic additive that helps stabilize the dyebath pH. Also improves leveling.
Carbonizing: A chemic procedure for eliminating cellulosic stuff from, synthetic together with wool or other beast fibers. The stuff is reacted amongst sulfuric acid or hydrogen chloride gas followed yesteryear heating. When the stuff is dry, the carbonized cellulose stuff is dust-like together with tin live removed.
Carrier: Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 production added to a dye-bath to promote the dyeing of hydrophobic manufactured fibers together with characterized yesteryear affinity for, together with might to swell, the fiber.
Cat-ion: Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 positively charged ion.
Cationic dyes: Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 dye that dissociates inwards an acidified, aqueous solution to plow over a positively charged colored ion.
Caustic Soda: The mutual mention for sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
Chrome dye: A mordant dye capable of forming a chelate complex amongst a chromium ion.
CIE: Commission internationaly de I’Eclairage.
CMC: Carboxymethyl cellulose. Synthetic size used inwards cotton wool textile processing.
Colorant: Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 colouring matter, a dye or pigment which tin create color inwards a substrate similar fiber, yarn or fabric.
Coloration: Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 serial of textile functioning involved to impart color inwards textiles. It embraces dyeing, printing, painting, spraying together with preparatory handling every bit well.
Color: (Sensation) that feature of the visual sensation which enables the oculus to distinguish differences inwards its quality, such every bit may live caused yesteryear differences inwards spatial distribution or fluctuation amongst time. (of an object) the item visual sensation caused yesteryear the low-cal emitted by, transmitted through, or reflected from the object.
Colour tin live described around inwards price of Hue, Saturation, together with Lightness, or specified numerically yesteryear chromaticity coordinates. Alternatively , color tin live specified yesteryear reference to visual standards e.g. the Munsell Color Atlas.
Colorfastness: Resistance to fading; i.e the belongings of a dye to retain its color when the dyed (or printed) textile stuff is exposed to weather or agents such every bit light, perspiration, atmospheric gases, or washing that tin take or destroy the color.
Color strength: Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 stair out of the might of a dye to impart color to other materials. Color push clit is evaluated yesteryear low-cal absorption inwards the visible part of the spectrum.
Colorist: In textile coloration, a someone experienced inwards developing color formulas, evaluating samples for color together with producing colored samples to run across standards.
Color index (CI): A listing of dyes together with chemic structures published yesteryear the Society of Dyers together with Colorists. Each construction is assigned a mention according to chemic composition. Each dye is assigned a issue according to its shape together with shade. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 correlating construction issue is given when available.
Color Temperature: Hues on the color cycle located closer to orangish are warm colors; those closer to bluish are cool colors.
Compatibility: In textile dyeing, propensity of private dye components inwards a combination shade to exhaust at similar rates resulting inwards a buildup of shade that is constant, or nearly constant, inwards hue throughout the dyeing process.
Copper chelating value (CuCV): The milligrams of copper sulfate pentahydrate chelated yesteryear i gram of a chelating agent or production containing a chelating agent.
Crocking: Crocking refers to bluish indigo dye that comes off during spinning or knitting. Indigo inwards this soil cannot stain anything washable similar peel or clothing. It may stain forest or bamboo needles, every bit they are porous together with non ordinarily washable. Crocking volition cease later a few washings.
Cross dyeing: Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 procedure of dyeing textiles containing fibers having dissimilar dye affinities to accomplish a multicolored effect.
Depth of Shade (DOS): a percent describing the total of dye used proportional to the dry out fiber weight, or OWOG. To dye 100 grams of fiber to a 1% DOS, your dye pulverization would weigh 1% of 100 grams, or 1 gram.
Desizing: The procedure removal of size materials from greige (gray) textile to prepare for dyeing.
Detergent: A detergent is a chemical compound or a mixture of compounds, intended to assist cleaning & acts mainly on the oily films that trap dirt particles.
Dip: Immersion of a textile stuff inwards some processing liquid. The term is ordinarily used inwards connectedness amongst a padding or slashing process.
Direct dyes: Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 shape of dyestuffs that are applied straight to the substrate inwards a neutral or alkaline metal bath. They create total shades on cotton wool together with linen without mordanting together with tin every bit good live applied to rayon, silk together with wool. Direct dyes plow over brilliant shades but exhibit pathetic washfastness.
Disperse dyes: A shape of water-insoluble or slightly soluble dyes originally introduced for dyeing cellulose acetate together with ordinarily applied from fine aqueous suspensions. Disperse dyes are widely used for dyeing nigh of the manufactured fibers.
Dyes/dyestuff: Substances that add together color to textiles. They are incorporated into the fiber yesteryear chemic reaction, absorption, or dispersion. Dyes may live divided into natural together with synthetic types. Natural dyes are extracted from root bark, flowers together with marine growth. Synthetic dyes are chemically compounded through many processes from coal tar or other sources of hydrocarbon molecules. On footing of application it is classified every bit Acid dye, Azoic dye, Basic dye, Direct dye, Disperse dye, Mordant dye, Reactive dye, Sulphur dye, Vat dye etc. Fluorescent whitening agent is every bit good a dye.
Dyeing: Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 procedure of coloring fibers, yarns, fabrics or garments amongst either natural or synthetic dyes nether specified conditions.
Dyeing auxiliaries: Various substances that tin live added to the dyebath to assist dyeing. They may necessary to transfer the dye from the bathroom to the fiber or they may render improvements inwards leveling, penetration etc. Also telephone telephone dyeing assistants.
Dye liquor: The liquid that contains the dye together with the reagents necessary for dyeing.
Ecmc: In color divergence evaluation, a unmarried issue defining the total color divergence inwards CMC units of a lawsuit from a standard.
Emulsion: A interruption of finely divided liquid droplets inwards a instant liquid, i,e., crude inwards H2O or vice versa.
Exhaustion: During wet processing, the ratio at whatever fourth dimension betwixt the total of dye or nub taken upwards yesteryear the substrate together with the total originally available.
Fast or Fastness: A fast color volition non fade due to exposure to low-cal or washing.
Fixation: The procedure of setting a dye later dyeing of printing, ordinarily yesteryear steaming or other pump treatment.
Fluorescent: Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 nub that is added to a textile (uncolored or colored) to increase the apparent low-cal reflectance inwards the visible part yesteryear the conversion of ultraviolet radiations into visible low-cal together with then to increase the apparent brightness or whiteness of the textile. Similar words brightener.
Florescent whitening agent (FWA): Colorant that absorbs close ultraviolet (UV) radiations together with re-emits visible (violet-blue) radiation. This causes a yellowish stuff to which it has been applied to look whiter.
Foam: Dispersion of gas inwards a liquid or solid. The gas bubbles may live whatever size. The term covers a broad arrive at of useful products such every bit insulating foam, cushions, etc. It every bit good describes the undesirable froth inwards polymer melts, dye baths, etc.
Foam Finishing: The application of i or to a greater extent than liquid chemicals finishes inwards the shape of a foam to a textile stuff amongst the payoff of depression wet pick-up
Hard water: Water described every bit "hard" is high inwards dissolved minerals, specifically aclcium together with magnesium. Hard H2O is non a wellness risk, but a nuisance because of mineral buildup on fixtures together with pathetic lather and/or detergent performance.
Heat setting: Heat-setting is a oestrus handling yesteryear which shape retention, crimp resistance, resilience together with elasticity are imparted to the fibres. It every bit good brings changes inwards strength, stretchability, softness, dyeability together with sometimes on the color of the material. All these changes are connected amongst the structural together with chemic modifications occurring inwards the fibre.
Hue: The attribute of color perception yesteryear agency of which an object is judged to live red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purplish or a combination of these.
Hydrolysis: Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 double decomposition reaction involving the improver of the elements of H2O together with the formation of an acid together with a base, an acid together with an alcohol, or an acid together with phenol.
Hydrophilic: Having potent affinity for or the might to absorb water.
Hydrophobic: Lacking affinity for or the might to absorb water.