Yaa Application Of Ultrasound Inwards The Training Of Cotton Wool As Well As Silk Stuff (Part-3)

Application of Ultrasound inward the Preparation of Cotton as well as Silk Fabric (Part-3)

Utpal Mondal
Govt. College of Engineering as well as Textile Technology
Berhampore, Murshidabad, India
Email: utpal.khs.gcettb07@gmail.com

Previous Part

4. Application of Ultrasonic Sound inward Textile Processing

The upshot of ultrasound on textile substrates as well as polymers has started later the introduction of the synthetic materials as well as their blends to the industry. These include application inward mechanical processes (weaving, finishing, knitted & non-woven stuff etc.) as well as moisture procedure (desizing, scouring, bleaching, dyeing etc). It deals amongst application of ultrasound inward the mechanical processes of manufacture as well as clothe textiles.

4.1 Desizing:
In a study on desizing of textiles amongst starch, size removal was affected past times way of ultrasonically accelerated techniques. It was constitute that the role of degraded starch followed past times ultrasonic desizing could Pb to considerable issue energy savings when compared to conventional starch sizing as well as desizing.

Valu et al, inward their investigation of the role of ultrasonics inward the desizing of woven cotton fiber fabric, achieved a savings inward chemicals as well as issue energy equally good equally reduced fibre degradation. The in conclusion whiteness as well as moisture mightiness of the fabrics were the same equally those obtained without ultrasonics. These investigations were carried out on an industrial jig inward which ultrasonic transducers were mounted on the walls. Power varied from 2kW to 4kW for dissimilar transducer position [10].

4.2 Scouring as well as Bleaching:
The scouring of wool inward a ultrasonic bathroom inward neutral as well as really low-cal element of group I bathroom reduces the stuff impairment as well as heighten charge per unit of measurement of processing. The bleaching charge per unit of measurement of cotton fiber stuff was increased past times using xx KHz frequency for peroxide bleaching. The score of whiteness besides increased equally compared to that of conventionally bleached sample.

The component of ultrasonic moving ridge tin brand role of acoustic cavitation upshot to create impact on sericin, improving the removal efficiency of sericin at crossing points & achieving uniform silk fibre degumming. The component of ultrasonic moving ridge tin cutting downwards the fourth dimension procedure as well as avoid the impairment of fibroin through controlling the temperature as well as loss of chemic agent [10].

4.3 Dyeing:
The possibility of dyeing textile using ultrasonic audio was started inward 1941. This tin live used for dyeing of cotton fiber using instantly dyes, wool amongst acid dye, polyamide as well as acetate fibre amongst disperse dyes. Significant increment charge per unit of measurement of dyeing amongst disperse dyes on polyamide as well as acetate were obtained. Ultrasound is to a greater extent than beneficial for the application of H2O insoluble dyes to the hydrophobic fibres. Ultrasound irradiation besides produces a greater evenness inward colour. The dyeing results are affected past times frequency of used ultrasonic audio [10].

4.4 Finishing:
Finishing of textiles involving ultrasonics has been studied past times several researches. Applied ultrasound at 8 as well as xviii kHz frequency to formaldehyde resin handling of cotton fiber stuff as well as measures the modify inward physical properties earlier as well as later lx washing cycles. The fold recovery angle, fifty-fifty later lx washings, is much higher than without ultrasound but resulted inward a little decrease inward tensile strength. In the studies of Simkovich as well as Yastrebinski, cotton fiber stuff was treated amongst urea-formaldehyde resin inward an ultrasonic champaign of 8 kHz frequency. The isolated stuff improved fold recovery properties.

A U.S. patent describes the method as well as apparatus for treating armed services fabrics amongst a liquid repellent fluoro chemic complete inward the presence of high frequency ultrasonic waves. This method produced an increment inward complete add-on. Another patent past times Carpenter for applying a fluid handling to textiles describes a stuff that is passed through a sleeping room inward which a dispersion of fluid treating medium is ultrasonically generated. The results are claimed to live fully comparable to padding as well as drying as well as are said to live capable of producing greater levels of handling because this method tin effectively grip treating media of higher corporation contents [10].

4.5 Washing:
According to the laboratory exam reports washing fourth dimension of wool later dissimilar moisture processing tin live reduced effectively for an equivalent whiteness. According to the results of a statistically planned experimental, the washing of flax tin live improved past times ultrasonic vibrations. This removes non-cellulosic stuff to a greater extent than effectively than mechanical agitation as well as improves whiteness of the flax fibre [10] 

5. Planning of time to come operate
A preliminary case has been carried out past times carrying out scouring inward an ultrasonic bathroom nether the conditions, equally given inward Table 1.

Parameters	Values
TRO	A few drops	A few drops
Temperature(°C)	29(31*)-39	29(31*)-48
Time (min)	60 minutes	90 minutes
Surfactant concentration (g/L)	15 g/l	15 g/l
Alkali concentration (g/L)	0
Liquor ratio	≈1:120		1:120

 
Experimental weather condition of ultrasonic cotton fiber scouring case

*At origin room temperature was 29°C as well as later de-aeration for iii minutes the temperature was 31°C.

From the higher upwards mentioned case it was observed that ultrasonic scouring has approximately promises. Hence, it is proposed to comport out approximately in-depth studies regarding this equally per weather condition given inward Table 2.

Parameters	Values
TRO	A few drops
Temperature(°C)	Room temperature	60, 70
Time (min)	60, 90	60, 90
Surfactant concentration (g/L)	15
Alkali concentration (g/L)	20	30
Liquor ratio	1:120

 
Table. 2: Conditions for proposed ultrasonic cotton fiber scouring

Similarly, plant carried out past times Mahata et. al. on ultrasonic assisted degumming performance amongst approximately encouraging results. In continuation of this study Table gives the weather condition of this experimentation.

Another is degumming of silk inward room temperature as well as higher temperature (<=80°C) for lx minutes as well as xc minutes (tentatively) amongst chemicals as well as without chemical.

Parameters	Values
Temperature(°C)	Room temperature	45,55
Time (min)	50,60	60,70
Surfactant concentration (g/L)	20
Alkali(g/l)	15
Liquor ratio	1:120

Table. 3: Conditions for proposed ultrasonic cotton fiber degumming

We besides wishing to attain scouring as well as degumming inward conventional method as well as compare the results amongst scoured as well as degummed sample which was done past times ultrasound procedure [11].

6. References

1. http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/education/video/pages/sound_vid.aspx
2. /search?q=application-of-ultrasound-in-cotton-part-2
3. Mason T. J. & Lorimer J. P., Introduction to Applied Ultrasonics, Applied Sonochemistry: Uses of Power Ultrasound inward Chemistry as well as Processing, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, 2002
4. http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/liquid_bubble.com
5. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultrasound
6. http://www.acronymfinder.com/Ultrasound-Identification-(USID).html
7. http://www.smtcorp.com/acoustic-microscopy-imaging
8. http://americanpregnancy.org/prenatal-testing/ultrasound/
9. http://www.whisperingpinespc.com/wp/ultrasound-veterinary-medicine/
10. Smith C. B., Clapp T. G., Thakore K., Cato M. J., Hite D., Application of Ultrasound inward Textile Wet Processing Phase 1, Compliments of EPRI TEXTILE OFFICE College of Textiles North Carolina State University Raleigh, 1992
11. Mahata C., Das A., Chatterjee D., Roy F., Paul P, Application of ultrasonic audio inward textile processing, a B.Tech nipper projection dissertation submitted at G.C.E.T.T.B, 2013 

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